servant of God

παῖς, παιδός, ὁ or ἡ (Hom. et al.) child.

① a young pers. normally below the age of puberty, w. focus on age rather than social status, boy, youth (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Philo, Op. M. 105; Jos., Ant. 12, 210; Just., D. 78, 2 and 7; s. VLeinieks, The City of Dionysos ’96, 199–210 on age-classes) Mt 17:18; Lk 9:42; Ac 20:12. Ἰησοῦς ὁ παῖς Lk 2:43. In ref. to Jesus GJs 20:4; 22:2.—Pl. (as פְּדַיָּא a loanw. in rabb.) Mt 2:16; 21:15; B 8:3f.—ἐκ παιδός from childhood (Diod S 1, 54, 5; 1, 73, 9; 1, 92, 5; 19, 40, 2 al. Simplicius in Epict. p. 129, 26; UPZ 144, 19 [165 B.C.] τῆς ἐκ παιδὸς φιλίας; cp. Just., A I, 15, 6 ἐκ παίδων) Mk 9:21 D.

② one’s own immediate offspring, child as ‘son’ or ‘daughter’

ⓐ of a son ὁ παῖς (Hom.+; Diod S 20, 22, 1 οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ; ins, pap, LXX; TestAbr A 7 p. 84, 19 [Stone p. 16]; JosAs 23:9; ApcMos 42; Jos., Bell. 4, 646, Ant. 20, 140 al.; Just., A II, 2, 16 al.; Tat. 41, 1; Mel., HE 4, 26, 7, P. 53, 389; Ath. 20, 2 al.) ὁ παῖς αὐτοῦ J 4:51 (=υἱός vss. 46f, 50; υἱός v.l. for παῖς vs. 51). This sense is also poss. in Mt 8:6, 8, 13, but these pass. prob. belong in 3a.

ⓑ of a daughter ἡ παῖς (for the feminine term, but not limited to ‘daughter’, s. Pind., Fgm. 107, 7 [122 Sch.] ὦ παῖδες=girls!; Hyperid., Fgm. 144; Phalaris, Ep. 142, 1; Chariton 1, 8, 2; Philostrat., Her. 19, 11 p. 204, 31; Gen 24:28; 34:12; TestJob 7:7f; Jos., Ant. 1, 254; 5, 266 al.; Tat. 8, 3; 33, 2) Lk 8:51; GJs fifteen times for Mary. ἡ παῖς (my) child (nom. w. art. for voc.; s. B-D-F §147, 3; Rob. 465f; 769) Lk 8:54.

③ one who is committed in total obedience to another, slave, servant

ⓐ of slaves and personal attendants slave, servant (since Hipponax [VI B.C.] 16 D.³; Aeschyl., Cho. 652. Also HUsener, Epicurea 1887 p. 168, 10; Plut., Alcib. 193 [4, 5], Mor. 65c; 70e; SIG 96, 26. Oft. pap. and LXX; TestAbr B; JosAs 99:3 al.; AscIs 3:5; Jos., Ant. 18, 192, Vi. 223.—Even an especially trusted male servant is termed ὁ παῖς: Diod S 15, 87, 6 Epaminondas’ armor-bearer; Appian, Iber. 27, 107 Scipio’s groom; Gen 24:2ff Abraham’s chief servant, vs. 5 ὁ παῖς) Lk 7:7 (=δοῦλος vss. 2f, 10); 15:26; AcPt Ox 849, 15 [Aa I 73, 21 Lat.]. W. παιδίσκη (q.v.) 12:45. Prob. Mt 8:6, 8, 13 also belong here (s. 2a).—Of those at a ruler’s court οἱ παῖδες courtiers, attendants (Diod S 17, 36, 5; Gen 41:10, 37f; 1 Km 16:17; Jer 43:31; 44:2; 1 Macc 1:6, 8) Mt 14:2.

ⓑ of special relationships

α. humans as God’s servants, slaves (Ael. Aristid. 45 p. 152 D.: θεῶν παῖδες [or ‘sons of gods’ as Polyb. 3, 47, 8; Chariton 2, 1, 5 and Diog. L. 9, 72]; LXX; ParJer 6:24 [Jeremiah]) Israel (Is 41:8f; PsSol 12:6; 17:21) Lk 1:54. David (Ps 17:1; Is 37:35) 1:69; Ac 4:25; D 9:2a.—Of guileless pers. τοὺς κατὰ θεὸν ἀκακίαν ἀσκοῦντας παῖδας ἐκάλουν, ὡς καὶ Παπίας δηλοῖ as Papias points out, those who led a godly life without guile were called children Papias (8).

β. angels as servants of God (God) does not trust his servants 1 Cl 39:4 (Job 4:18). Of the young man from heaven who released Paul from his chains παῖς λείαν (=λίαν) εὐειδὴς ἐν χάριτι AcPl Ha 3, 13f.

γ. of Christ in his relation to God. In this connection it has the mng. servant because of the identification of the ‘servant of God’ of certain OT pass. w. the Messiah (Is 52:13 et al.; BJanowski/PStuhlmacher, edd., Der Leidende Gottesknecht ’96 [lit.]; DBS XII 1000–1016) Mt 12:18 (cp. Is 42:1); B 6:1; B 9:2 (on the last two cp. Is 50:10). So prob. also D 9:2b (because of the immediate proximity of Δαυὶδ ὁ παῖς σου 9:2a); 9:3; 10:2f.—In other places (cp. Ath. 10, 2; 12, 2 al.; Iren. 3, 12, 5 [Harv. II 58, 8]) the mng. son is certainly to be preferred (παῖς was so understood in the Gk. world, when it expressed a relationship to a divinity: Il. 2, 205 Κρόνου παῖς; Sappho 1, 2 Diehl; Alcaeus 1; Bacchylides 17, 70 Minos, a παῖς of Zeus; Hermocles [IV/III B.C.] p. 174 Coll. Alex.=Athen. 6, 63, 253d: Demetrius Poliorcetes as π. Ποσειδῶνος θεοῦ; Diod S 17, 51, 1 the god Ammon has his prophet address Alexander thus χαῖρε, ὦ παῖ; what follows makes it clear that procreation is meant; Plut., Mor. 180d; Maximus Tyr. 14, 1d; Paus. 2, 10, 3 Ἄρατος Ἀσκληπιοῦ π.; Diogenes, Ep. 36, 1; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 7, 24 p. 279, 4; Porphyr., Vi. Plot. 23; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 2, 10; IG IV², 128, 50 [280 B.C.] and oft.; Sb 8314, 9 Hermes conducts the dead man to the Elysian fields ἅμα παισὶ θεῶν. S. above bα the παῖδες θεῶν. Cp. also Herm. Wr. 13, 2 ὁ γεννώμενος θεοῦ θεὸς παῖς; 13, 4; 14; Rtzst., Poim. 223f.—Celsus 7, 9) παῖς αὐτοῦ ὁ μονογενὴς Ἰησοῦς Χρ. MPol 20:2. God as ὁ τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ κ. εὐλογητοῦ παιδὸς Ἰησοῦ Χρ. πατήρ 14:1. Corresp. Christ as God’s ἀγαπητὸς παῖς 14:3; Dg 8:11. The same is true of the other pass. in Dg: 8:9; 9:1.—In the case of the rest of the pass. it is hardly poss. to decide which mng. is better: Ac 3:13, 26; 4:27, 30 (unless the παῖς σου your servant of 4:25 should demand the same transl. for the other pass. as well; JMénard, CBQ 19, ’57, 83–92 [Acts]); 1 Cl 59:2–4 (in wordplay w. παιδεύω; but here the word ἠγαπημένος repeated in vss. 2 and 3 [cp. the magical pap of c. 300 A.D. in TSchermann, TU 34, 2b, 1909, 3: Christ as ἠγαπημένος παῖς] could suggest the transl. son).—WBousset, Kyrios Christos² 1921, 56f; AvHarnack, Die Bezeichnung Jesu als ‘Knecht Gottes’ u. ihre Geschichte in d. alten Kirche: SBBerlAk 1926, 212–38; Jeremias, ZNW 34, ’35, 115–23; KEuler, D. Verkündigung v. leidenden Gottesknecht aus Jes 53 in d. griech. Bibel ’34; PSeidelin, D. ˓Ebed J. u. d. Messiasgestalt im Jesajatargum: ZNW 35, ’36, 194–231; HWolff, Jes 53 im Urchristent. ’50²; EMcDowell, Son of Man and Suffering Servant ’44; ELohmeyer, Gottesknecht u. Davidssohn ’45, esp. 2–8; TNicklin, Gospel Gleanings ’50, 268f; OCullmann, Dieu Vivant 16, ’50, 17–34; HHegermann, Jes 53 in Field, Hexapla, Targum u. Peschitta ’54; ELohse, Märtyrer u. Gottesknecht ’55; WGrundmann, Sohn Gottes: ZNW 47, ’56, 113–33; OCullmann, Die Christologie des NT ’57; JPrice, Interpretation 12, ’58, 28–38 (Synoptics); MHooker, Jesus and the Servant ’59; BvanIersel, ‘D. Sohn’ in d. synopt. Jesusworten, ’61, 52–65 (bibliog.); HOrlinsky, The So-called Suffering Servant in Isaiah 53, ’64 (s. review in CBQ 27, ’66, 147); EKränkl, Jesus der Knecht Gottes, ’72 (Acts); FDanker, Proclamation Comm.: Luke ’87, 82–86. WZimmerli/JJeremias, The Servant of God (tr. HKnight), ’65=Studies in Bibl. Theol. 20.—B. 87f. Schmidt, Syn. II 422–31. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

1. a person as a subject of God: God's creature

2. iron or humor simply a human being ( usu. used in refer, to a person who has to submit to s.o. 's will, to some circumstances etc): God's servant.

• РАБ БОЖИЙ obs

[NP, usu. sing; usu. this WO]

=====

1. a person as a subject of God:

- God's creature;

- God's servant;

- servant of God < of our Lord>.

     ♦ "Помянем раба Божия Фому. Царство ему Небесное!" (Максимов 3). "Lets drink to the memory of God's servant Foma. May he rest in peace!" (3a).

     ♦ "Человек не раб Божий, но и не царь природы - обе формулировки одинаково нелепы..." (Горенштейн 1). "Man is not a servant of God, but neither is he the lord of nature. The two formulas are equally absurd." (1a).

2. iron or humor simply a human being (usu. used in refer, to a person who has to submit to s.o.'s will, to some circumstances etc):

- God's servant.

     ♦ [Расплюев:] Свезут тебя... в Преображенскую и посадят тебя, раба божия, нацепуру (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [R..] They'll take you..to the madhouse and keep you, God's servant, on a chain.. (2a)

m; -s, -

1. servant (auch fig.); persönlicher: valet, manservant; livrierter: footman; (Gefolgsmann) attendant; Briefschluss: Ihr ergebenster etc. Diener altm. your most obediant servant

2. (Verbeugung) bow; einen Diener machen (make a) bow; vor jemandem einen Diener machen bow to ( oder before) s.o.

3. stummer Diener (Kleiderständer) valet; (Serviertisch) dumb waiter

* * *

attender; servitor; menial; manservant; boy; servant

* * *

m -s, -

1) (= Mensch) (lit, fig) servant; (= Lakai auch) valet

2) (inf = Verbeugung) bow

* * *

* * *

m (fam) bow

[vor jdm] einen \Diener machen to make a bow [to sb], to bow [to sb]

m(f) servant

\Diener Gottes servant of God

Ihr [treu] ergebener \Diener (veraltet) your [humble] servant old

* * *

* * *

Diener m; -s, -

1. servant (auch fig); persönlicher: valet, manservant; livrierter: footman; (Gefolgsmann) attendant; Briefschluss:

Ihr ergebenster etc

Diener obs your most obediant servant

2. (Verbeugung) bow;

einen Diener machen (make a) bow;

vor jemandem einen Diener machen bow to ( oder before) sb

3.

stummer Diener (Kleiderständer) valet; (Serviertisch) dumb waiter

* * *

* * *

attendant n.

butler n.

manservant n.

servant n.

server n.

valet n.

държавен служител a civil/public servant, a state employee, a government official

(прислужник в учреждение) attendant

болничен служител a hospital attendant

божи служител a servant of God, priest

служител на науката/изкуството a votary of science/art

служители personnel

* * *

служѝтел,

м., -и; служѝтелк|а ж., -и employee; (в администрацията) office worker, white-collar worker; ( прислужник в учреждение) attendant; божи \служител servant of God, priest; болничен \служител hospital attendant; висш \служител senior official; данъчен \служител revenue official; дипломатически \служител diplomatic officer; държавен \служител civil/public servant, state employee, government official; правилник за \служителите Staff Regulations; \служители personnel; щатен \служител съм be on the staff.

* * *

agent ; employee: a state служител - държавен служител; personnel (мн.ч)

* * *

1) уст. ( человек как существо подвластное богу) servant of God, God's servant

2) шутл., ирон. ( о человеке вообще) one of God's creatures; common mortal

( decl like f) książk servant

* * *

decl. like f. pl. -i l. - dzy Gen. -g l. -ów servant; sługa boży rel. servant of God; sługa pańszczyźniany bondservant, serf; Pański uniżony sługa (np. żartobliwie w zakończeniu listu) your humble l. obedient servant.

servitore s.m.

1 servant: servitore in livrea, liveried servant // servitore di Dio, servant of God // vostro servitore umilissimo, your obedient (o humble) servant

2 ( carrello portavivande) dumbwaiter; ( attaccapanni mobile) clothes-stand.

* * *

sostantivo maschile

1) (domestico) servant, manservant*

2) fig. servant

* * *

servitore

/servi'tore/

sostantivo m.

 1 (domestico) servant, manservant*

 2 fig. servant; un servitore dello stato a servant of the state; il vostro devoto servitore your obedient servant.

servo s.m.

1 ( servitore) servant: fui introdotto dal servo, I was shown in by the servant // (st.) servo della gleba, serf // servo di Dio, servant of God // servo muto, ( carrello portavivande) dumbwaiter, ( attaccapanni mobile) clothes-stand

2 (spec. fig.) ( schiavo) slave: servo del denaro, slave to money; servo di una passione, slave of (o to) a passion; servo dei pregiudizi, slave of prejudice.

* * *

sostantivo maschile (f. -a) (servitore) servant

* * *

servo

/'sεrvo/

sostantivo m.

(f. -a) (servitore) servant; servo suo (umilissimo) ant. your humble servant

\

COMPOUNDS

servo della gleba stor. serf.

serf, villein, vassal, villain.

* * *

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 (esclavo) slave

2 HISTORIA serf

\

siervo,-a de Dios RELIGIÓN servant of God

* * *

* * *

- va masculino, femenino serf, slave

- siervo de la gleba

* * *

- va masculino, femenino serf, slave

- siervo de la gleba

* * *

serf, slave

Señor, escucha las súplicas de tus siervos ( Relig) Lord, hear the prayers of your servants

serf

* * *

◊ -va sustantivo masculino, femenino

* * *

siervo, -a nm,f

1. [esclavo] serf

2. Rel servant

* * *

m, sierva f HIST serf

* * *

siervo, -va n

1) : slave

2) : serf

1. Die·ner <-s, -> [ʼdi:nɐ] m

( fam) bow;

[vor jdm] einen \Diener machen to make a bow [to sb], to bow [to sb]

2. Die·ner(in) <-s, -> [ʼdi:nɐ] m(f)

servant;

\Diener Gottes servant of God;

Ihr [treu] ergebener \Diener (veraltet) your [humble] servant old

mīlĕs (MEILES, Inscr. Mur. 582; late form, milex, Gromat. Vet. p. 246, 19), ĭtis, comm. [Sanscr root mil-, to unite, combine; cf.:

mille, milites, quod trium millium primo legio fiebat, ac singulae tribus Titiensium, Ramnium, Lucerum milia singula militum mittebant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.], a soldier.

Lit.

In gen.:

miles, qui locum non tenuit,

Cic. Clu. 46, 128: legere milites, to levy, raise, Pompei, ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 a, 3:

scribere,

to enlist, enroll, Sall. J. 43, 3:

deligere,

Liv. 29, 1:

ordinare,

to form into companies, id. ib.:

mercede conducere,

to hire, take into one's pay, id. ib. 29, 5:

dimittere,

to dismiss, Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2:

miles tremulus,

i. e. Priam, Juv. 10, 267:

miles cum die, qui prodictus sit, aberat, neque excusatus erat, infrequens dabatur,

Gell. 16, 4, 5.—

In partic., of foot-soldiers, infantry, in opp. to eques:

tripartito milites equitesque in expeditionem inisit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. eques.—Opp. to the general: miles gregarius, or miles alone, a common soldier, private:

strenui militis et boni imperatoris officia simul exsequebatur,

Sall. C. 60, 4; id. J. 62; Vell. 2, 18, 1 volgus militum, Liv. 22, 30, 7:

maritim as,

a soldier in sea-service, marine, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61.—

Transf.

Collect., the soldiery, the army (esp. freq. in the postAug. per.), Liv. 22, 57 fin.; Verg. A. 2, 495; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 78, 2; Tac. A. 1, 2; 24; 2, 16; Juv. 10, 155; 16, 18 et saep.—

Under the emperors, an armed servant of the emperor, court-official, Cod. Th. 11, 1, 34; Dig. 4, 6, 10.—

A chessman, pawn, in the game of chess:

discolor ut recto grassetur limite miles,

Ov. Tr. 2, 477.—

Fem., of a woman who is in childbed for the first time:

et rudis ad partūs et nova miles eram,

Ov. H. 11, 48.—Of a nymph in the train of Diana:

miles erat Phoebes,

Ov. M. 2, 415.—

(Eccl. Lat.) Of a servant of God or of Christ, struggling against sin, etc.:

bonus Christi,

Vulg. 2 Tim. 2, 3.

X наложил на себя руки - X laid hands on himself

• НАКЛАДЫВАТЬ/НАЛОЖИТЬ НА СЕБЯ РУКИ

[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]

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⇒ to end one's life by suicide:

- X наложил на себя руки≈ X laid hands on himself;

- X did away with himself;

- X did himself in;

- X took his own life;

- X died by his own hand;

- X committed suicide.

     ♦ Было велено не трогать ее [тетю Катю], но из уважения к семье и роду издали следить, чтобы она не наложила на себя руки (Искандер 3). People were ordered not to touch her [Aunt Katya], but, out of respect for family and clan, to watch from a distance lest she lay hands on herself (3a).

     ♦ "Вчера умереть готова была. Если бы не Гульджамал, наложила бы руки на себя" (Айтматов 1). "Yesterday I was ready to die. If it wasn't for Guldzhamal, I would have done myself in" (1a).

     ♦ "Вы, Лев Львович, человек праведной жизни, скажите мне, можно ли раба Божьего, руки на себя наложившего, отмолить?" (Максимов 3). "You are a righteous man, Lev Lvovich. Tell me, is it possible by prayer to save the soul of a servant of God who has taken his own life?" (3a).

• НАКЛАДЫВАТЬ/НАЛОЖИТЬ НА СЕБЯ РУКИ

[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]

=====

⇒ to end one's life by suicide:

- X наложил на себя руки≈ X laid hands on himself;

- X did away with himself;

- X did himself in;

- X took his own life;

- X died by his own hand;

- X committed suicide.

     ♦ Было велено не трогать ее [тетю Катю], но из уважения к семье и роду издали следить, чтобы она не наложила на себя руки (Искандер 3). People were ordered not to touch her [Aunt Katya], but, out of respect for family and clan, to watch from a distance lest she lay hands on herself (3a).

     ♦ "Вчера умереть готова была. Если бы не Гульджамал, наложила бы руки на себя" (Айтматов 1). "Yesterday I was ready to die. If it wasn't for Guldzhamal, I would have done myself in" (1a).

     ♦ "Вы, Лев Львович, человек праведной жизни, скажите мне, можно ли раба Божьего, руки на себя наложившего, отмолить?" (Максимов 3). "You are a righteous man, Lev Lvovich. Tell me, is it possible by prayer to save the soul of a servant of God who has taken his own life?" (3a).